Ovarian cancer today has become one of the major illnesses in women across the globe. As per a trusted source, ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of death in women due to cancer. However, API and active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturers are working actively to treat ovarian cancer, and Niraparib is one of those successful medicines!

But what exactly is ovarian cancer, and how can Niraparib help doctors cure ovarian cancer in their patients? Moreover, what common side effects of Niraparib can be seen in the patients taking this medicine? Let’s uncover answers to all such questions in our blog below!

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a type of disease in which the cancer cells develop at the ovarian site of the women. Ovarian cancer starts at the ovary’s epithelium and may not show the symptoms at first. However, the patients will experience some symptoms that may worsen with time.  

In older women, ovarian cancer is likely to cause premenstrual syndrome, bladder issues, and irritable bowel syndrome. The patients may also suffer from some of the conditions such as:

• Pain in pelvis
• Vaginal bleeding
• Abdomen pain
• Bloating
• Eating disorders
• Frequent urination
• Change in urine color
• Constipation
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Indigestion
• Nausea, etc.

You must consult your doctor on an immediate basis if you experience these symptoms for more than two weeks. 

What is the Cause of Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer is mostly caused in women in ovarian or egg-producing areas. These cancer cells then spread actively to other body parts if left untreated. Although the experts have not found a string accuse of ovarian cancer in women, several reasons may shed some life to ovarian cancer. 

• You may be likely to have ovarian cancer if you have a family history (someone in your family had ovarian cancer)
• Ovarian cancer may also be caused if you never had babies or got pregnant at later stages of your life.
• People with a history of breast cancer or hormonal therapy may also get ovarian cancer.
• Ovarian cancer is mostly detectable in older women. Hence, if you are above 60, you must test for ovarian cancer.
• According to experts, genetics, being overweight, and HPV are other causes of ovarian cancer. 

Treatment of Ovarian Cancer with Niraparib

So far, we have discussed ovarian cancer – its effects, causes, and common symptoms. But how to treat ovarian cancer is the main question! Over the years, experts and API manufacturers focused on discovering the treatment for ovarian cancer. And with a lot of research and tests, Niraparib was finally launched in the market.

Niraparib is an inhibitor of PARP (poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase), which helps to treat ovarian cancer. Nirapairb medicine is generally given to patients that already taken the first line of treatment, i.e., platinum-based chemotherapy.

Nirapairb is given to patients in capsule form in 100 mg or 200 mg dosages. The dosage is given per doctor’s prescription, and the medicine must be taken daily in the morning for best results. Niraprib helps to reduce the multiplication of cancer cells and eliminates the chances of getting cancer back once treated.  

A Brief About Niraparib

Niraparib is an anti-cancer drug mostly used to treat ovarian cancer in women. The medicine is also sold under the name Zejula and is commonly taken by mouth in capsule form. 

The chemical properties of Niraparib are as follows:

Formula: C19H20N4O

Molar Mass: 320.396 g·mol−1

ChEMBL Id: 1094636

ChemSpider ID: 24531930

Pronunciation: /nɪˈræpərɪb/; nih-RAP-uh-rib

ATC code: L01XK02 (WHO)

Other names: MK-4827

Protein binding: 83%

IUPAC Name: 2-[4-[(3S)-3-Piperidyl]phenyl]indazole-7-carboxamide

SMILES: c1cc2cn(nc2c(c1)C(=O)N)c3ccc(cc3)[C@@H]4CCCNC4

InChI: 1S/C19H20N4O/c20-19(24)17-5-1-3-15-12-23(22-18(15)17)16-8-6-13(7-9-16)14-4-2-10-21-11-14/h1,3,5-9,12,14,21H,2,4,10-11H2,(H2,20,24)/t14-/m1/s1 check

Key: PCHKPVIQAHNQLW-CQSZACIVSA-N

Common Side Effects of Niraparib

Although Niraparib is a safe drug for treating ovarian cancer, certain side effects may be seen in some patients taking this medicine. To name a few, we have:

• Heart not beating regularly
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Vomiting
• Pain in the stomach area
• Mouth sores
• Diarrhoea
• Indigestion or heartburn
• Dry mouth
• Tiredness
• Loss of appetite
• Urinary tract infection
• Changes in liver function or other blood tests
• Pain in your muscles and back
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Change in the way food tastes
• Trouble sleeping
• Anxiety
• Sore throat
• Shortness of breath
• Cough
• Rash
• Changes in the amount or color of your urine

It should be noted that a patient may not suffer from all of these symptoms at once. However, you must consult your doctor if you have any of these.

It should also be noted that pregnant or breastfeeding women must not take these medicines as they can cause serious issues for their infants or fetus. Besides, if you are allergic to aspirin or have heart and liver disease, you must also not take Niraparib.   

Conclusion

Ovarian cancer is a serious disease caused in women due to cancer cells. The cancer cells first target the egg-producing area in women and then slowly spread to other body parts if left untreated. The most common symptoms of ovarian cancer are fatigue, pain in the abdomen, blood in the vagina, etc. 

Niraparib is a string anti-cancer medicine that is launched to treat ovarian cancer. API manufacturers mostly use Nirparib to stop the spread of cancer in patients who have taken the first-line treatment. Nirparib is sold by the common name of Zejula and has a molar mass of 320.296 g/mol. 

Although Niraparib is safe, patients with heart and liver disease should not take this medicine. Furthermore, pregnant women should also limit themselves from taking Niraparib as it may damage their fetuses. Some common side effects of Niraparib are constipation, headache, nausea, rashes, cough, cold, and anxiety. Niraparib is one of the best medicines that treat ovarian cancer in women of all ages and geographical conditions. 

There is no doubt that heart failure is a serious condition, but contrary to popular belief, it does not indicate that the heart has completely stopped working or has completely given out. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, heart failure results from your heart’s inability to pump enough blood.

 A lack of blood circulation is dangerous because it ensures your body functions properly, keeps your organs functioning, keeps you warm, nourishes your skin, supports your brain, ensures you digest food properly, and much more. The whole body suffers when the heart does not pump blood efficiently.

Sadly, heart failure is fairly common. The condition is believed to affect more than 6 million adults in the United States, according to a study published in the year 2020.  Since the symptoms that characterize heart failure can be classified into a number of different types and stages, it can also be quite complex. 

Here’s what you need to know about heart failure, including the medications by pharmaceutical ingredients manufacturers you’ll need to take if you’re suffering from it. 

What is Heart Failure?

In heart failure, the heart cannot pump blood efficiently enough to meet the body’s needs. The term heart failure does not imply that the heart has completely failed. The term congestive heart failure can also be used to describe heart failure.

A backup of blood occurs due to the inefficient pumping associated with heart failure. This leads to fluid retention in the kidneys. Consequently, the tissues in the body swell.

Inflammation is the most common form of swelling that affects the legs. This condition can also affect other tissues and organs. Breathing difficulties occur in the lungs of patients with heart failure.

Heart failure can be divided into two types, each of which affects the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) in different ways:

• Left-sided: Depending on how the heart fails, left-sided heart failure can be either diastolic or systolic. Heart failure caused by systolic contractions occurs when the left ventricle cannot pump blood out well. The left ventricle cannot relax and fill when it suffers from diastolic heart failure. Blood backs up into the lungs due to both types of left-sided heart failure.

• Right-sided: As a result of an inefficient right ventricle, fluid can back up into the abdomen, legs, and feet when the right ventricle does not pump efficiently.

Symptoms of Heart Failure

Heart failure can be chronic (ongoing) or acute (sudden). Symptoms of heart failure include:

• When you are active or lying down, you experience shortness of breath
• Weakness and fatigue
• Leg, ankle, and foot swelling
• Heartbeats that are rapid or irregular
• Exercising is more difficult
• The mucus is white or pink and blood-tinged when coughed or wheezed persistently.
• Abdominal swelling
• Fluid buildup causes rapid weight gain
• A feeling of nausea and an inability to eat
• Reduced alertness or difficulty concentrating
• Heart failure may cause chest pain after a heart attack.

Causes of Heart Failure

• High blood pressure, or hypertension, is caused by the force of blood flowing against your artery walls. Especially in women assigned to females at birth and Black individuals, hypertension is one of the most common causes of heart failure.

• Coronary artery disease occurs when plaque accumulates in the arteries’ walls, preventing blood from flowing through them.

• Blood glucose, also known as sugar or diabetes, is high when you do not have enough insulin (a hormone regulating your blood sugar) or your body cannot use insulin effectively. Heart disease and high blood pressure can also be caused by high blood sugar over time.

You may also be at risk for heart failure if you have the following conditions:

• The weakening of the heart muscle is called cardiomyopathy
• A congenital heart defect
• Stroke
• heart valve disease
• Arrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats
• An elevated blood pressure
• Lung disease emphysema
• Untreated sleep apnea
• Hyperthyroidism 
• HIV/AIDS
• Anemias with severe symptoms
• Chemotherapy is one type of cancer treatment
• An addiction to drugs or alcohol

Read Also: Valsartan: Remedy for Blood Pressure and Heart Attack

Medication used to treat Heart Failure

Patients with heart failure may require multiple medications. There is a different treatment for every symptom or contributing factor, and each has its own rules and instructions.

Your healthcare team should explain to you how, when, and in what dosage to take your medications.

The side effects of all your medications must be discussed with your doctor (or other healthcare providers). The best sources of information are your doctor and active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturers. If you have any questions about your medications, don’t hesitate to ask them.  

A Commonly prescribed drug is a combination of Sacubitril/valsartan(LCZ696). 

Heart failure and high blood pressure can be treated with valsartan. If they take it, people with heart failure may also have a reduced risk of being hospitalized. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the class of drugs in which valsartan is classified. To make blood flow more freely, it relaxes the blood vessels. Lower blood pressure can prevent heart attacks, strokes, and kidney disease.

Sacubitril/valsartan belongs to a new class of drugs known as angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI). HFrEF with NYHA class II, III, or IV is eligible for the medication, as it is FDA-approved for treating chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). With other standard heart failure treatments (beta-blocker, aldosterone antagonist) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, sacubitril/valsartan may replace an ACE inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker.

LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan) can lower the risk of cardiovascular events in chronic heart failure. It is unclear whether LCZ696 could improve the prognosis of patients suffering from an acute myocardial injury (MI). The study demonstrates that LCZ696 could prevent the rupture of the heart following MI, likely due to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cell cytokines, the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and aldosterone production, as well as the enhancement of the natriuretic and natriuretic peptides. These results suggest the mechanistic understanding of the cardioprotective properties of LCZ696 for acute MI, which leads to the hypothesis that LCZ696 could be beneficial for improving survival following acute MI.

Conclusion

The right care and treatment plan can allow many adults to continue to enjoy life even though they face limitations due to heart failure. The quality of your life depends on the following factors:

• Your heart’s performance.
• Your symptoms.
• Your response to your treatment plan.
• Your compliance with your treatment plan.

You can do this by:

• Taking your medication as prescribed.
• Being active.
• Maintaining a low-sodium diet.
• Keeping track of new or worsening symptoms and reporting them to your doctor.
• Attending your healthcare provider’s appointments regularly.

You should talk to your doctor about your preferences for medical care because heart failure is a chronic, long-term illness. To let everyone involved in your care know what you wish to be done in the event of an emergency or illness, you may complete an advance directive or living will. 

An individual’s lifestyle will specify what treatments they wish to have to prolong their lives. Prepare your living will while you are healthy in case you are unable to make these decisions after you pass away.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis is considered one of the most sluggish diseases, which can lead to serious illness, liver damage, and in some cases, death. It affects people of all ages. The Hepatitis virus attacks the liver and causes inflammation that can lead to swelling, reddening of the liver, and liver damage. It is also called HBV or Hep B, which can cause cirrhosis (which means hardening or scarring of the liver), liver cancer, or even death. 

Symptoms of Hepatitis B

Symptoms of Hepatitis B can be intense or minor. There are cases where people are affected, but they never feel sick. Symptoms of Hepatitis B may include:

• Loose stool.
• Loss of appetite.
• Stomach pain.
• Constipation.
• Having yellow skin.
• Mild fever or eyes.
• Being sick to your stomach.

More than 90% of the people who get hepatitis B at their adult stage recover from their symptoms. 

How is Hepatitis B Spread?

• There can be many factors through which you can become infected with hepatitis B. It can happen through exposure to blood and body fluids like the semen of an infected person. 
• Hepatitis B can also spread by having unprotected sex, sharing or using dirty needles for piercing, tattoos, and drug use. 
• Being born to a pregnant woman with the infection, being bitten by someone with the infection, being treated medically who does not use sterile instruments, and sharing everyday items that include razors, toothbrushes, and piercing jewelry can all be the reason behind Hepatitis B infection. 

Apart from all these, there are a lot of myths regarding the spreading of Hepatitis B. it does not spread by breastfeeding, coughing and sneezing, eating food that someone with the infection has prepared, kissing on the cheek or lips, hugging, shaking hands or holding hands.

Risk Factors for Getting Hepatitis B

• Healthcare providers and first responders, people who are on dialysis, people who live in close quarters with a person with chronic hepatitis B, children whose mothers have been infected with hepatitis B
• People who have unprotected sex or have been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease are likely to get infected by this virus.
• People living with or working in an institutional setting such as group homes or prisons carry a high risk of getting hepatitis B.

Stages of Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B infection can be divided into 4 phases; immune-tolerant phase, immune-active phase, immune-control phase, and immune clearance. You can also observe the backward shift in phase and reactivation of the disease from the immune clearance phase. Hepatitis B can be spread in two ways, acute infection and chorionic infection. Acute infection is asymptomatic, which leads to acute viral hepatitis and acute liver failure. The acute infection lasts for a short duration, whereas chorionic infection lasts for a longer period, which is more than six months. 

Diagnosis

There are various ways to diagnose HBV infection, including abdominal ultrasound, liver biopsy, and blood tests. An ultrasound uses sound waves to show the size and shape of your liver and blood circulation through it. In a liver biopsy, a small tissue sample is removed through a tiny incision and sent to the lab for analysis. Tests of blood plasma or serum show the response of your immunity to the virus. Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate is used to treat the chronic Hepatitis B infection. 

Conclusion

The severity of hepatitis B can cause serious illness and lead to the person’s death. So you need to go for a check-up and take medicines accordingly. Active pharma ingredients manufacturers take care of that. You can call us or visit our website for further details.

A person diagnosed with high blood pressure has this constant battle going on to keep the blood pressure down. Everything is under check, from diet to medications to habits. However, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is the best way to win this battle. By following healthy diets and habits, one can keep their blood pressure low without needing medications. 

High blood pressure is infamously known as a “silent killer”. One may not see major symptoms, but it can increase the chance of a heart attack or a stroke.

So to stay far away from high blood pressure causing any damage, certain lifestyle and eating habits can keep you fit and fine.

Lifestyle changes such as staying active and working out can make you fit, which will keep your blood pressure under control.

List of Food Habits to Reduce Blood Pressure 

Including Citrus Fruits in the diet

Citrus fruits like grapefruit, oranges, and lemons help reduce blood pressure. They’re high in vitamins, minerals, and plant chemicals that may help keep your heart healthy by lowering risk factors for heart disease like high blood pressure.

In studies, drinking orange and grapefruit juice has also been demonstrated to help lower blood pressure. However, grapefruit and grapefruit juice can interact with some blood pressure drugs, so talk to your doctor before incorporating this fruit into your diet.

Salmon and Fatty Fish

Omega-3 fats in fatty fish have been shown to offer considerable advantages to heart health. These fats may help lower blood pressure by reducing inflammation and decreasing oxylipins levels, constricting blood vessels.

Higher diets of omega-3-rich fatty fish have been associated with lower blood pressure readings in studies. Those with the greatest blood levels of omega-3 fats had considerably low SBP and DBP than those with the least blood levels of these fats, according to a study of 2,036 healthy persons. A lower incidence of hypertension has also been linked to a higher omega-3 intake.

Seeds (Pumpkin, Chia, Flax)

Chia and flax seeds are tiny seeds packed with minerals like potassium, magnesium, and fibre that are important for blood pressure regulation.

Pumpkin seeds are a concentrated supply of minerals that help control blood pressure, such as magnesium, potassium, and arginine, an amino acid required to form nitric oxide, which helps blood vessels relax and lowers blood pressure.

The pumpkin seed oil has also been demonstrated to be an effective natural treatment for hypertension.

Beans and Lentils

Beans and lentils are high in fibre, magnesium, and potassium, all of which help control blood pressure. Numerous trials have proved that eating beans and lentils helps lower high blood pressure levels.

Greek Yogurt

Greek yoghurt is a nutrient-dense dairy product high in potassium and calcium, two minerals that assist manage blood pressure.

Pistachios

Pistachios are high in nutrients and have been related to maintaining a healthy blood pressure level. They’re high in potassium and other important nutrients for heart health and blood pressure control.

Read Also: Valsartan: Remedy for Blood Pressure and Heart Attack

What to Avoid?

If someone has a problem with high blood pressure, they are asked to maintain a healthy diet and cut back on certain foods and habits. 

Few habits and foods that need to be avoided to keep the blood pressure under control:

Workout

Exercise can assist you in avoiding developing hypertension if your blood pressure is high. Regular physical activity, such as 150 minutes per week or 30 minutes on most days of the week, can help reduce blood pressure. Maintaining consistency is critical because stopping exercise can cause your blood pressure to rise again. If you already have hypertension, regular exercise can help lower your blood pressure to more manageable levels.

Walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, and dancing are all forms of aerobic exercise that can help you lower your blood pressure. 

Reduce Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol has both positive and negative health effects. You might potentially lower your blood pressure by drinking alcohol in moderation – one drink in a day for women, two drinks per day for men. However, this protective effect is eliminated if you consume too much alcohol.

Drinking more than modest amounts of alcohol can cause a significant increase in blood pressure. It can also make blood pressure drugs less effective.

Limit Caffeine Consumption

The impact of caffeine on blood pressure is currently being disputed. Caffeine can cause blood pressure to rise in persons who use it seldom. On the other hand, coffee drinkers may have little or no influence on blood pressure levels.

Although the effects of caffeine on blood pressure are unknown, blood pressure may increase modestly.

Check your blood pressure within 30 minutes of ingesting a caffeinated beverage to see if it has increased. You may be sensitive to coffee’s blood pressure-raising effects if your blood pressure rises by 5 to 10 mm Hg.

No Smoking

Smoking cessation aids in the restoration of normal blood pressure. Your blood pressure rises for many minutes after you finish smoking a cigarette. Quitting smoking can help you live a healthier life by lowering your risk of heart disease and improving your overall health. People who give up smoking may live longer than those who do not.

Control Stress

High blood pressure may be exacerbated by chronic stress. Further study is required to find the impact of persistent stress on blood pressure. Eating unhealthy foods, consuming alcohol, or smoking can contribute to high blood pressure if you react to stress.

Take time to consider what makes you stressed, such as work, family, finances, or illness. Contemplate how to eliminate or lessen stress once you know what’s the reason behind it.

Conclusion 

To control or avoid a situation of high blood pressure, one has to make some sacrifices. These sacrifices include giving up on food that can raise your blood pressure and following a healthy lifestyle and diet to keep fit. High blood pressure can go on to cause multiple health problems, so it’s best to control it with lifestyle changes and medication.

For more informative articles, visit our website. Kindly contact our representative to know more about active pharma ingredients that can help deal with hypertension. 

About – Osimertinib

The medicine Osimertinib is used to treat non-small cell lung cancer that has been detected as having an abnormality in the gene “EGFR”. Usually, Osimertinib is given to patients with cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic) or to patients who have cancer that has returned after surgery as targeted therapy.

This drug, marketed under the trade name Tagrisso by pharmaceutical API manufacturers,  is an inhibitor of the third generation’s epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase.

If you have been diagnosed with EGFR abnormality, you will be tested by your doctor and will be prescribed this medication.

How is Osimertinib useful in treating cancer?

As an antitumor medication, Osimertinib is used to treat certain types of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after it is removed by surgery. This medication is prescribed for adults with either locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC. As part of the treatment option and protocol, it may also be used as the second or even the first treatment for a certain type of NSCLC that has spread to other body parts. 

Osimertinib is also used by adults who have been unable to get treatment for cancer with other similar radiation therapy medications to treat certain types of cancer that have spread to other parts of the body. It blocks the abnormal protein, which is responsible for causing cancer cells to multiply by blocking its action on them. Cancer cells appear to stop or slow their spread when this action is undertaken, and tumours may shrink as a result.

The EGFR activating mutations in tumours that the EGFR-targeted drugs also target Osimertinib targets (exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R). The therapeutic regimen was also designed to kill cancer cells with the T790M mutation of the EGFR, which has been shown to cause resistance to earlier-generation EGFR-targeted medications.

Directions to Consume Osimertinib

• One dose of Osimertinib is to be taken by mouth once daily. Both with and without food are acceptable.
• Osimertinib must be taken exactly as prescribed by your physician.
• You should swallow the entire tablet.
• Osimertinib tablets must be crushed before swallowing.
  • Ensure the container containing the osimertinib dose contains 2 ounces of water. No carbonated beverages or other liquids should be used.
  • You will not be able to completely dissolve the tablet until you crush it in your hands. Do not heat or crush the tablet.
  • Mix osimertinib and water immediately before taking it.
  • Be sure to drink your full dose of water after adding 4 to 8 ounces to the container.
• Osimertinib should not be stopped or changed without the advice of your healthcare provider.
• If you miss a dose, you should skip it and take the next dose at the regularly scheduled time.
• Osimertinib shouldn’t be taken more than once per day. In case of overdose, call your healthcare provider immediately.

Your dosage for Osimertinib will depend on the type of cancer treatment or condition and your general health along with other health problems, on many factors. There is no evidence that high doses lead to better responses and may end up causing more toxicity. You should discuss this with your doctor before starting any treatment.

Side Effects of Osimertinib

There are serious side effects associated with Osimertinib. Seek medical attention right away if you experience any of the following symptoms:

• Redness or streaks of purple that doesn’t turn pale when pressed but continue to look bruised or red 24 hours after the occurrence (may appear on the arms, legs, buttocks, or belly);
• The palms or soles of your feet may be swollen, rashy, or blistered; There may be persistent redness.
• Coughs or breathing difficulties that are new or worsening;
• A racing heartbeat or palpitations;
• Feelings of being short of breath, swelling in the lower legs, etc.;
• A feeling of being lightheaded, as if you might pass out;
• The following signs or symptoms indicate a low blood cell count: fever, chills, fatigue, mouth ulcers, skin ulcers, easy bruising, unexplained bleeding, pale skin, cold hands and feet; or
• Problems with your eyes–vision changes, increased sensitivity to light, watery eyes, redness or pain in your eyes.

Conclusion

In your efforts to maintain good health, remember that this medication is being prescribed because your doctor has determined that it will benefit you at the expense of potential side effects. 

Most cancer patients who use this medication don’t have serious side effects. You might decrease the ability to fight infections when using Osimertinib medication by active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturers. There is a possibility that this may make you more vulnerable to a serious (rarely fatal) infection or make any infection that you already have worse.

If you experience serious side effects, you should consult your doctor immediately.